Forests across Europe are undergoing unprecedented stress as climate-driven heat and drought intensify. Trees are inaugurating survival strategies that frequently prove fatal. These range from premature senescence to physiological adjustments that compromise long-term stability. While such mechanisms may sustain individuals through acute stress periods, prolonged exposure to extreme conditions often precipitates mass mortality events.
The southern reaches of the continent bear the heaviest burden, with Spain, Italy and Greece experiencing devastating losses in recent years. Research confirms that the frequency and severity of these events are accelerating. Experts caution that without coordinated intervention, forests throughout the region face structural transformation. Adaptation measures are being developed, though the scale of the challenge remains formidable.
Sources: japantimes.co.jp
The words in bold are from the article.
| 1. inaugurating | a. durability |
| 2. strategies | b. fundamental |
| 3. fatal | c. destructive |
| 4. senescence | d. aging |
| 5. stability | e. deadly |
| 6. precipitates | f. daunting |
| 7. devastating | g. involvement |
| 8. structural | h. causes |
| 9. intervention | i. tactics |
| 10. formidable | j. commencing |
1.j 2.i 3.e 4.d 5.a 6.h 7.c 8.b 9.g 10.f